Developed by RAJIB DEB, Lecturer, NTDP, Dharmanagar, Tripura.
Contact: 9612831908, Mail: debrajib66@gmail.com
MODULE-1 EFFECTS OF
TECHNOLOGICAL GROWTH
Q.Energy
Crisis: An energy crisis, like any other crisis
in the field of economic activity, can be brought about by a number of factors:
organised labour strikes, embargoes by governments, over-consumption, aging
infrastructure, and bottlenecks at production centres and port
facilities.Pipeline failures and other accidents may cause minor interruptions
to energy supplies. A crisis could possibly emerge after infrastructure damage
from severe weather.
Attacks
by terrorists on important infrastructure are a possible problem for energy
consumers: a successful strike on a West Asian facility could potentially cause
global shortages. Political events—change of governments due to regime change,
monarchy collapse, military occupation or a coup—may disrupt oil and gas
production and create shortages.
Q.Steps for overcoming energy crisis:
Briefly,
the following steps could help overcome the crisis:
1.
Discourage oil-intensive activities.
2.
Replace oil by alcohol-based fuels from sugarcane and other crops.
3.
Develop more efficient techniques for liquefaction of coal so that it can be
transported over long distances at lower costs.
4.
Prevent fires and roof collapse accidents in coal mines.
5.
Develop safer, cheaper technology for nuclear, solar, wind, wave, tidal and
geothermal energy.
6.
Get developed nations to provide funds ‘and technology to natural resource-rich
developing nations to utilise energy sources efficiently.
So,
sustainable balance must be maintained between economic development and
population growth.
Q.What is
Environmental Degradation?
Answer: Environmental degradation is the
disintegration of the earth or deterioration of the environment through
consumption of assets, for example, air, water and soil; the destruction of
environments and the eradication of wildlife. It occurs when earth’s natural
resources are depleted and environment is compromised in the form of extinction
of species, pollution in air, water and soil, and rapid growth in population.
Environmental
degradation is one of the largest threats that are being looked at in the world
today. The United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction
characterizes environmental degradation as the lessening of the limit of the
earth to meet social and environmental destinations, and needs. Environmental
degradation can happen in a number of ways. At the point when environments are
wrecked or common assets are exhausted, the environment is
considered to be corrupted and harmed. There are a number of different
techniques that are being used to prevent this, including environmental
resource protection and general protection efforts.
Environmental issues can be seen by long term ecological effects, some of which can demolish
whole environments. An environment is a unique unit and incorporates all the
living and non-living components that live inside it. Plants and creatures are
evident parts of the environment, but it also includes the things on which they
depend on, for example, streams, lakes, and soils.
Q.Causes of Environmental
Degradation
Answer:
1. Land Disturbance: A more basic cause of
environmental degradation is land damage. Numerous weedy (inefficient) plant
species, for example, garlic mustard, are both foreign and obtrusive. A rupture
in the environmental surroundings provides for them a chance to start growing and spreading.
These plants can assume control over nature, eliminating the local greenery.
2. Pollution: Pollution, in whatever form, whether it is air,
water, land or noise is harmful for the environment. Air pollution pollutes the air that we breathe which causes health issues. Water
pollution degrades the quality of water that we use for drinking purposes. Land pollution results in degradation of earth’s surface as a result of human
activities.
3. Overpopulation: Rapid population growth puts
strain on natural resources which results in degradation of our environment.
Mortality rate has gone down due to better a medical facility which has resulted
in increased lifespan. More population simple means more demand for food,
clothes and shelter. You need more space to grow food and provide homes to
millions of people. This results in deforestation which is another factor of
environmental degradation.
4. Landfills: Landfills pollute the environment and destroy the
beauty of the city. Landfills come within the city due the large amount of
waste that gets generated by households, industries, factories and hospitals. Landfills pose a great risk to the health of the environment and the people who
live there. Landfills produce foul smell when burned and cause huge
environmental degradation.
5. Deforestation:Deforestation is the cutting down of trees to make way for more homes and industries.
Rapid growth in population and urban sprawl are two of the major causes of deforestation. Apart from that, use of
forest land for agriculture, animal grazing, harvests for fuel wood and logging
are some of the other causes of deforestation. Deforestation contributes to
global warming as decreased forest size puts carbon back into the environment.
6: Natural Causes: Things like avalanches, quakes,
tidal waves, storms, and wildfires can totally crush nearby animal and plant
groups to the point where they can no longer survive in those areas. This can
either come to fruition through physical demolition as the result of a specific
disaster, or by the long term degradation of assets by the presentation of an
obtrusive foreign species to the environment. The latter frequently happens
after tidal waves, when reptiles and bugs are washed ashore.
Of course, humans aren’t totally to blame for this
whole thing. Earth itself causes ecological issues, as well. While
environmental degradation is most normally connected with the things that
people do, the truth of the matter is that the environment is always changing.
With or without the effect of human exercises, a few biological systems degrade
to the point where they can’t help the life that is supposed to live there.
for all content syllabus u can contact me....................
